PHP, the divisive darling of the web

, ,
Darling PHP

PHP, or Hypertext Preprocessor, has been a cornerstone of web development for over two decades. First created in 1993 to enhance the webpage of programmer Rasmus Lerdorf, PHP didn’t originate as a new programming language and as such it developed organically. It has continued to adapt across its three decades of existence and even the name PHP has evolved, coming to stand for hypertext preprocessor rather than the original meaning, personal home page. PHP has evolved from a simple set of tools for managing personal web pages to a robust server-side scripting language powering a significant portion of the internet. However, despite its enduring popularity, PHP remains a polarising force within the development community, sparking debates and discussions about its merits and shortcomings. So why does PHP continue to thrive despite its divisiveness?

The Good

Ease of Use: One of PHP’s greatest strengths is its ease of use, especially for beginners. Its syntax is straightforward and familiar to anyone with a background in C-style languages, making it accessible for developers transitioning from other programming languages or those new to coding altogether.

Vast Community and Resources: PHP boasts a vast and active community of developers. This means an abundance of resources, tutorials, frameworks, and libraries are readily available, making it easier for developers to find solutions to problems and accelerate development.

Flexibility: PHP is incredibly versatile, allowing developers to build anything from simple websites to complex web applications. Its ability to seamlessly integrate with various databases, web servers, and platforms makes it a preferred choice for many projects.

Performance Improvements: Over the years, PHP has undergone significant performance enhancements, with each new version introducing optimisations and improvements. The introduction of PHP 7 brought substantial performance gains, making PHP more competitive with other languages in terms of speed and efficiency.

Mature Ecosystem: PHP has a mature ecosystem with a wide array of frameworks and CMS (Content Management Systems) like Laravel, Symfony, WordPress, and Drupal, offering developers powerful tools to streamline development and build robust applications quickly.

The Bad

Inconsistent Design: PHP’s evolution has been marked by a degree of inconsistency in its design. This is due in part to its organic growth and the inclusion of features over time without always considering their long-term implications. This inconsistency can lead to confusion and frustration for developers.

Security Concerns: PHP has faced its fair share of security vulnerabilities over the years. While efforts have been made to address these issues, the language’s historical laxity in security practices has left it with a somewhat tarnished reputation in this regard.

Legacy Codebases: The longevity of PHP means there are numerous legacy codebases still in use today. These codebases may be outdated, poorly maintained, and vulnerable to security risks. Migrating away from legacy PHP code can be a daunting task, leading many developers to continue working with outdated practices and frameworks.

Performance Challenges: While PHP has seen performance improvements, it still faces challenges in comparison to more modern languages like Go, Node.js, or Python. Its shared-nothing architecture can lead to scalability issues, especially in high-traffic applications.

Fragmentation: The plethora of frameworks and libraries available in the PHP ecosystem can lead to fragmentation within the community. Developers may find themselves debating the merits of one framework over another, leading to a lack of consensus on best practices and standards.

The Divisiveness

The divisive nature of PHP stems from the stark contrast between its proponents and detractors. Proponents praise PHP for its accessibility, versatility, and the vast ecosystem that surrounds it. They argue that PHP’s ease of use and abundance of resources make it an ideal choice for rapid development and prototyping.

On the other hand, detractors point to PHP’s historical flaws, such as inconsistencies in design, security vulnerabilities, and performance challenges. They argue that these shortcomings make PHP a less-than-ideal choice for modern web development, especially when compared to newer languages and frameworks.

Moreover, PHP’s association with outdated practices and legacy codebases has contributed to its divisive reputation. While efforts have been made to modernise the language and improve its security and performance, the stigma remains for some developers.

The Future

Despite its divisiveness, PHP continues to evolve and adapt to meet the demands of modern web development. The release of PHP 8.3 introduced new features and improvements aimed at addressing some of the language’s longstanding issues, such as stricter typing and performance enhancements.

Furthermore, the PHP community remains vibrant and active, with ongoing efforts to improve documentation, promote best practices, and modernise the ecosystem. Frameworks like Laravel and Symfony continue to push the boundaries of what is possible with PHP, attracting new developers to the language.

In conclusion, PHP’s popularity and divisiveness are intrinsically linked to its long and storied history. While it may not be without its flaws, PHP continues to be a popular choice for web development, thanks to its ease of use, vast ecosystem, and adaptability. As the language continues to evolve, it will be fascinating to see how it navigates the ever-changing landscape of web development in the years to come.

Advantages of custom built software solutions

, ,
Advantages of Custom Software

In the ever-evolving landscape of modern business, the need for efficiency, agility, and innovation has become paramount. As businesses strive to stay competitive and meet the unique demands of their industries, the role of technology, particularly custom built software, has emerged as a game-changer. This article delves into the myriad benefits of investing in tailor-made software solutions designed to meet the specific needs of a business.

Tailored to perfection

Off-the-shelf software may serve generic purposes, but it often falls short when it comes to addressing the unique workflows and requirements of individual businesses. Custom-built software, on the other hand, is crafted to fit like a glove. By aligning seamlessly with a company’s operations, it enhances efficiency and productivity, enabling teams to focus on core tasks without being bogged down by unnecessary features or limitations.

Increased efficiency and productivity

One of the primary advantages of custom-built software lies in its ability to streamline processes. Off-the-shelf solutions may require businesses to adapt their workflows to fit the software’s limitations, leading to inefficiencies. In contrast, bespoke software is designed around existing processes, minimising disruptions and optimising workflow efficiency. This results in a significant boost to overall productivity as employees can work more seamlessly and with fewer impediments.

Scalability for growth

As businesses grow and evolve, their software needs must scale accordingly. Custom-built software is inherently scalable, allowing it to adapt to the changing demands of a growing enterprise. This scalability ensures that the software remains a valuable asset over the long term, accommodating an expanding user base, increased data loads, and additional features as the business evolves.

Enhanced security and compliance

Data security is a top priority for businesses in an era where cyber threats are ever-present. Custom-built software allows for the implementation of robust security measures tailored to the specific needs of the business. Unlike generic software that may have vulnerabilities well-known to hackers, bespoke solutions offer a higher level of protection by minimising exposure to common risks. Furthermore, custom software can be designed with industry-specific compliance standards in mind, ensuring that the business remains in adherence to regulatory requirements.

Long term cost efficiency

While the initial investment in custom-built software may seem higher than purchasing off-the-shelf alternatives, the long-term cost savings can be substantial. Generic software often comes with licensing fees, ongoing maintenance costs, and the potential need for additional modules or customisations. With custom software, businesses have greater control over their expenses, paying only for the features they need and avoiding unnecessary overhead associated with generic solutions.

Competitive edge through innovation

In a rapidly changing business landscape, innovation is a key differentiator. Custom-built software empowers businesses to innovate by providing a platform that can evolve alongside their unique needs. This agility allows companies to respond quickly to market trends, implement new features, and stay ahead of the competition.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the decision to invest in custom built software is an investment in the future success of a business. From increased efficiency and productivity to enhanced security, scalability, and long-term cost savings, the benefits of bespoke software solutions are obvious. As industries continue to evolve, businesses that leverage the power of custom built software will find themselves well positioned to thrive in the dynamic and competitive landscape of the 21st century.

Contact PNP Digital for more information about our Custom Software development services.

PHP 8.3 has been released

, ,
PHP 8.3 released

This latest major update to PHP adds support for declaring class, trait, interface, and enum constant types. In addition readonly properties and randomness have also been updated.

What’s new

PHP is a self-referentially acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. Original it supposedly meant personal home page. It is an open source, server-side, HTML embedded scripting language used to create dynamic Web pages. PHP 8.3, a major update to the popular server-side web scripting language, offers features such as explicit typing of class constants, deep cloning of readonly properties, and additions to randomness functionality.

Released on November 23rd 2023, PHP 8.3 can be accessed from php.net.

Biggest improvements

With typed class constants, PHP 8.3 gains support for declaring class, interface, trait, and enum constant types. Class constant type declarations support all type declarations supported by PHP, with the exception of void, callable, and never.

The void and callable types are not supported due to issues discussed in the typed properties v2 RFC. Similarly, never is not applicable in the context of constants.

To enable deep cloning of readonly properties, PHP 8.3 allows readonly properties to be modified once within the magic clone method. Plus, readonly classes now can be reinitialized during cloning. PHP 8.3 also lets non-readonly classes extend readonly classes.

Other new features

A new [#\Override] attribute expresses intent in code. If this attribute is added to a method, the engine shall validate that a method with the same name exists in a parent class or any of the implemented interfaces. If no such method exists, a compile time error shall be emitted.

– The command line linter now accepts variadic input for file names to lint.

– The Random Extension added in PHP 8.2 adds a new method that generates random strings consisting of specific bytes only.

– This method allows developers to easily generate random identifiers, such as domain names, and numeric strings of arbitrary length.

– A a new function, json_validate(), indicates whether a string contains valid JSON.

Anonymous classes now can be readonly.

PHP 8.2 arrived last December, introducing readonly classes.

We’re PHP specialists

Here at PNP Digital, we leverage the power of PHP to craft dynamic, scalable, and cutting-edge web solutions. Contact us to find out how we can help you with your next PHP project.

Selecting the right cloud service model for your business

, ,
Data and Hosting

When considering cloud services, you’ve likely discovered that a universal cloud solution for businesses doesn’t exist. Each organisation has distinct needs and prerequisites.

To pinpoint the ideal cloud service model for your business, it’s essential to comprehend the various categories of cloud-based services and identify the features critical to your operations.

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

SaaS stands as a cloud computing model that allows convenient access to applications hosted in the cloud. The advantage of SaaS is that you don’t have to concern yourself with the installation, configuration, or maintenance of software on your own servers. Instead, a third-party provider takes on the role of hosting and managing the application, which you can access on-demand via the internet using a web browser or mobile app. Since the provider manages maintenance and updates, the cost of SaaS is often more budget-friendly than buying and keeping on-premises software. It also offers the flexibility to rapidly scale your operations as SaaS applications are designed to be adaptable and accommodate shifts in user demand. Additionally, as most SaaS solutions work on a subscription basis, you can avoid a significant upfront investment and only pay for the services you use.

Typical examples of SaaS solutions are customer relationship management software, office productivity suites, project management tools, instant messaging platforms, and web conferencing solutions.

In summary, SaaS is:

  • Easily accessible over the internet, ready for immediate use
  • Hosted on remote servers managed by a third-party provider
  • Scalable, with various tiers for businesses of assorted sizes
  • Comprehensive, supplying security, compliance, and maintenance within a single fee

Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

PaaS is a cloud computing model that equips you with the tools and infrastructure needed to create, test, deploy, check, and manage applications. It significantly reduces the manual work associated with coding, making the rapid development of complex applications and services a more straightforward task. PaaS provides access to essential resources from a central platform, with the provider overseeing the underlying infrastructure, such as servers, storage, networks, and operating systems. This enables your developers to focus on creating applications and services with minimal time and effort.

PaaS can be used to host or develop your own software solutions or to supply support for software used by your employees. While PaaS offers a lower cost of entry compared to on-premises solutions, it does require a solid understanding of software development and cloud computing concepts.

In general, PaaS solutions:

  • Concentrate on application development and deployment
  • Integrate with a broad array of tools and services
  • Offer scalability for adjusting resources as needed

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

IaaS is a cloud computing model that grants you on-demand access to remote servers, storage, and networking hardware, cutting the need to buy, install, and manage the underlying infrastructure.The most prominent IaaS form is the virtual machine, a digital version of a computer or server hosted on a remote server. You can access this virtual machine over the internet to store data, run applications, and develop software solutions without the need for physical hardware investments or the associated setup and management costs.

While IaaS offers cost-effectiveness, it does require a certain level of technical knowledge to set up and manage the infrastructure. Additionally, you manage the security of data stored on the virtual machine and any applications running on it.

In summary, IaaS is:

  • Highly flexible and scalable
  • Capable of accommodating a wide range of applications and services
  • Cost-effective, cutting the need for physical hardware investment
  • Ideal if you seek greater control over your cloud infrastructure

While the choice of a cloud service model depends on your specific business requirements, it is essential to gain a thorough understanding of these different models and how they can align with your goals.

The importance of cloud audits

, ,
Business Software

In the shift from on-premises to the cloud, the significance of IT infrastructure audits can often be overlooked due to the absence of physical equipment. This may lead to neglecting the critical role of monitoring and maintenance. Yet, assessing the operational, financial, and security performance of technology has never been more vital. As cloud environments continue to expand rapidly, IT leaders may find themselves unsure about what to focus on.

The cloud era brings a variety of benefits, such as scalability, flexibility, and enhanced performance, but it also introduces a dynamic and constantly evolving landscape. Auditing the IT estate in this complex environment can be overwhelming.

Today, cloud solutions require a renewed commitment to security integrated into the company’s culture and operations. It involves shared responsibilities, addressing growing threats, and following stringent requirements throughout the scaling process.

Here are seven tips to get in control…

Evaluate your existing infrastructure

There is often no need for a complete overhaul. By assessing your organisation’s current architecture, network configuration, storage systems, VMs, and understanding the structure and interdependencies of your tech stack, you can find areas for improvement. This may involve finding vulnerabilities, ensuring compliance with industry standards, or finding redundant elements that drain your budget unnecessarily.

Prioritise security and compliance

In every monitoring and maintenance strategy, security and compliance should be top priorities. Evaluate the effectiveness of security measures such as firewalls, encryption, access management, and intrusion detection systems. Ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations. Address any security gaps promptly.

Review software licenses and subscriptions

Take stock of your software licenses and subscriptions. Are you paying for more than you need? Auditing and managing licenses not only improve compliance and security but also cuts unnecessary spending on third-party applications and operating systems.

Assess efficiency and scalability

Regularly evaluate the efficiency of your cloud infrastructure to support best operational performance. Monitor resource utilisation, application response times, to find potential performance issues. Ensuring your infrastructure can manage fluctuating workloads without compromising performance is essential.

Third-party vendors and service providers

Third-party vendors and service providers can be valuable assets, but they can also pose security risks. Establish a holistic security strategy for external partners. Review certifications, audit reports, data protection policies, SLA compliance, and incident response and disaster recovery capabilities.

Maximise endpoint security

With more flexible working models come more entry points to sensitive data and networks. Strengthen endpoint security measures, including robust authentication protocols, regular software updates, and real-time monitoring, to safeguard data and enhance the overall resilience and credibility of cloud-based operations.

Consistency is key

Cloud environments are dynamic, constantly evolving, and undergoing updates. Routine audits should be a part of an ongoing strategy, with the frequency tailored to your business’s size and complexity. Endpoint audits every three years, while physical infrastructure and security measures at least once every three months.

A comprehensive audit of the entire cloud environment should be annually to evaluate implemented changes, support compliance, and show current issues.

Collaborate with your Managed Service Provider (MSP) or auditor to address concerns and update documentation approximately twelve months later, ensuring the effectiveness of implemented changes and ongoing compliance.

Key factors to take into account when selecting a VPN service

, , ,
AWS migrations

In today’s digital landscape, safeguarding your online data from a spectrum of potential threats, from cybercriminals to government entities, is of paramount importance. Using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) can provide that much-needed layer of security by encrypting data transmitted from your computer to the internet. However, the effectiveness of VPNs can vary significantly.

To make an informed choice when selecting one, it’s crucial to take the following factors into account:

Data encryption and logging policies

The choice of encryption protocol is a primary factor in deciding the level of security offered by your VPN. Different protocols, such as OpenVPN, IPSec/L2TP, SSTP, and IKEv2, are available. opt for a VPN service that employs the latest encryption standards like AES-256, considered military-grade encryption. Be cautious of VPN providers that keep logs of user activity, potentially compromising your anonymity and privacy. For truly anonymous browsing, seek a VPN service that does not log user data.

Cost-effectiveness

While free VPN services may appear attractive, they often come with hidden costs, such as compromising data privacy through activity logs or displaying intrusive ads. Paid options typically offer a wider range of servers, configurations, and advanced security features.

Server location

The geographical proximity of VPN servers significantly influences performance. Distant servers may result in latency and slower browsing. Select a VPN with servers found near your physical location for a smoother online experience. If you aim to bypass geo-restrictions, opt for a VPN with servers strategically positioned in regions where your desired content is accessible. This approach ensures the user has the best browsing speeds and unhindered access.

Data capacity

Understand the data limits imposed by your chosen VPN, especially if your online activities require large bandwidth. Review the provider’s data cap and terms of service to ensure it aligns with your needs. Additionally, assess the provider’s server count, as a larger server network shows better support for data-intensive tasks.

Cross-platform functionality

Ensure the VPN is compatible with various platforms, including laptops, tablets, and mobile devices. Choose a VPN that seamlessly integrates with your preferred devices, supplying consistent protection across your digital ecosystem. Prioritise VPN providers offering dedicated apps or robust configuration options for different devices.

Customer support

Explore the customer support options offered by the VPN provider. Look for readily available support channels like live chat, email, or phone, and consider user reviews to gauge the quality of help.

Understanding the human cloud

, ,
Software Modernisation

The workforce of the future is rapidly evolving, with a digital, dynamic, and decentralised landscape taking centre stage.

At the heart of this transformation lies the human cloud, a phenomenon akin to the gig economy that is reshaping the way we work. As businesses look for innovative and cost-effective solutions to meet their workforce needs, the human cloud has appeared as a game-changing trend.

The human cloud is an online ecosystem that runs in a decentralised manner, connecting individuals or businesses needing specific tasks or skills with a vast global network of freelancers and independent professionals. Diverging from traditional employment models, the human cloud functions through digital platforms and marketplaces, offering an on-demand, scalable workforce.

How the human cloud works

Digital platforms: Online intermediaries like Upwork and Fiverr serve as bridges between employers and freelancers.

Matching: Algorithms on these platforms use criteria such as skills, availability, and pricing to match employers with suitable freelancers. Employers can evaluate freelancers’ profiles and earlier work to make informed hiring decisions.

Task execution: Once a matched, the worker undertakes the task remotely. These tasks span a wide spectrum, encompassing services like graphic design, web development, content creation, data entry, and even driving or delivery services.

Payment and review: Payment for completed work processed through the platform, ensuring secure transactions.

Benefits of embracing the human cloud

Access to a global talent pool: The human cloud allows businesses to access a diverse global talent pool, which is especially valuable for companies found in regions with limited access to skilled workers. It enables easy sourcing of highly specialised skills for specific projects.

Scalable operations: Businesses can swiftly adjust their workforce size to match demand, easing the handling of projects of any scale without incurring significant overheads. This flexibility is invaluable for seasonal or project-based work that needs temporary workers within a brief period.

Cost-effectiveness: By paying for work only when needed, businesses can reduce labour costs and minimise the expenses associated with physical office space.

Speed and efficiency: The human cloud accelerates project timelines, enabling employers to quickly find the right talent. Freelancers can also find work more easily, minimising downtime between projects.

Reduced administrative burden: Human cloud platforms supply an all-in-one solution, simplifying the administrative aspects of hiring and managing freelancers. These platforms manage everything from sourcing to payment and review.

Innovation and experimentation: new companies may use the human cloud to explore new business ideas, prototype concepts, or access specialised skills they may not have in-house.

How ChatGPT is changing the coding process

, , , ,
ChatGPT

Traditionally, coding has been a meticulous and time-consuming task that required developers to possess a deep understanding of programming languages and syntax. However, ChatGPT has introduced a new level of simplicity and efficiency by providing developers with an intuitive and conversational interface to interact with their code.

Get a Helping Hand

One of the most significant advantages of ChatGPT is its ability to assist programmers in generating code snippets, solving programming problems, and offering suggestions. With a few simple prompts, developers can ask questions, seek guidance, and receive immediate responses from ChatGPT, which draws upon its vast knowledge base to offer relevant and accurate solutions. This feature not only saves time but also encourages collaborative problem-solving, as developers can engage in dynamic conversations with the AI model.

Furthermore, ChatGPT’s natural language processing capabilities enable it to understand and interpret code-related queries in plain English, making it more accessible to developers of all skill levels. It can break down complex concepts, explain intricate algorithms, and even assist in debugging code. This empowers novice programmers to overcome hurdles more easily and learn from experienced developers, as ChatGPT acts as a knowledgeable and patient mentor.

Not a Replacement For a Human

Whilst ChatGPT is a powerful tool, it requires an exact and well formed request to be asked to get the best results out of it. Even then, the ending result is likely not usable within an existing system as coding standards and methods will differ, and the code may not even compile/run. It is intended for more as a base, or aid when stuck on an issue as it will provide different solutions which a developer may not have considered.

Paired with an experienced and knowledgeable coder, ChatGPT can be leveraged to simplify a complex request and give the developer a new perspective on the problem which can allow them to reach the end result faster.

AI is no replacement for a human, it can’t deal with specific client requests, or interact with clients like a developer can. It may be able to generate small snippets of code, but it is unable to make anything bigger than a few lines of code. Meaning it is unable to generate entire complex systems at one request. Even if it could generate a base system, there would be no way it could mould it into what a client would want, and make a system which could be well maintained and built on for many years to come.

If you are in need of a CMS made by humans who care, and lovingly craft each system/app, then consider PNP.

Top emerging CRM trends in 2023

, ,
CRM Trends 2023

A good Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system is behind any business which needs to manage and use large amounts of customer data. CRM’s have greatly developed and transformed over recent years into highly streamlined tools for businesses. This article will take a look at some of the new trends for CRM’s in 2023.

Dashboard Customisation

Dashboard CRM PNP Digital

Movable dashboard tiles provide a better workflow

Creating one dashboard for all users, or one for each user type is becoming less common. Customisable dashboards where each section is a component which can be rearranged and dragged to anywhere to suit the user are now becoming on trend. It gives the end user a more personalised experience, and has been shown to improve their workflow.

Process Automation

Being able to set-up automated processed to import/export and process data is a powerful tool being utilised in more modern CRM’s, some even going as far as to let the user create tasks for the CRM to run as scheduled events, or just when they are needed.

While giving the user these tools is incredibly powerful, it can be a sharp learning curve, and should only be limited to users who need the ability to run & create the tasks. Having a customisable tool which can automatically process data build right into the CRM can save countless hours over a year from repetitive tasks.

XaaS (Everything as a Service)

Younger generations, most commonly Gen X, are pushing for businesses to offer “everything” as a service. From 2017 to 2023, there was a rise of 72% in the profitability and usage of subscription services, and an estimated 75% of CRM’s offering a subscription service by 2024. With some of this being down to the pandemic, but also due to the convenience & ease of subscription services.

A modern CRM is most likely to offer a subscription service, especially CRM’s offering cloud services. In 2023, customers are more likely to pick a subscription service than a regular service when shopping online.

As with anything, it is important to evaluate what will be best for your CRM. If you are unsure and need a website/CRM building you can contact us.

The difference between Native, Hybrid, & Progressive web applications

, , ,

There are multiple ways to develop a mobile application, and choosing the right one for you is important before starting the project. Selecting the correct method can save time and money, while providing the same, or better experience for the end user.

What Type Of Application Do You Need?

First the main outline of the application must be decided.

  • Type of Application: Deciding on what your application will be required to do will have an impact on which method is used.
  • Time and Budget: Each method of development has a different amount of time required to achieve the end result. If you need iOS, Android, and Web support, one option may take up to three times longer to develop, which has an affect on the final cost.
  • Operating System: What device type are your main target audience using? (iOS, Android, Windows)
App Differences.

Native Applications

Native applications are developed with one specific device type i.e. iOS users in mind. This means that the application is going to be tailor made for that device, and is able to use all of the device specific functionality.

Advantages:
  • Fast performance – Because the code is written with that device type in mind, the code is therefore more efficient.
  • Functionality – Apps can make use of the specific special functions that a device might have.
  • Higher Security – Any device specific known security risks can be individually addressed.
  • Improved UI/UX – The code can take advantage of the native appearance and frameworks to create a modern looking application.
Disadvantages:
  • Higher Cost – Each operating system requires it’s own codebase, and if iOS and Android apps were required, this would require two completely separate sets of code to create and maintain.
  • Longer Development – Because the code is being specifically designed to work on one set of devices, it is more involved to create, maintain, and test.
  • Specialists Required – A team of highly skilled app developers is required who have an in-depth knowledge of the system, adding to the cost.

Hybrid Applications

Hybrid applications are the best of both worlds from both mobile and web development. It allows developers to code in one language, then be able to deploy applications for iOS, Android, and Websites. At PNP Digital, we have over 10 years experience in developing hybrid applications for our clients.

Advantages
  • Shorter Development Time – Only one codebase is required to deploy to iOS, Android, and Web. Saving three times the work.
  • Lower Costs – Shorter development time, means less costs!
  • Easy to Maintain – Because there’s only one codebase, it is easier to maintain and update.
  • Integrated – Hybrid allows for simple integration into web services and APIs.
  • Fast Deployment – Building the app to run on Android or iOS is quick and easy, requiring almost no changes to the process.
Disadvantages
  • Complexity – More complex applications will likely run slower than a native application.
  • Equality – The app will run the same regardless of the device, it can’t use device/operating system specific functions.

Progressive Web Applications

Progressive web applications are almost identical to hybrid applications, with the main difference being that they are able to be installed as an application on any device, then be able to work offline and send notifications. This is the newest method of development.

Advantages
  • Accessible – The app can be found on any app store, or accessed through the website and the end user experience will be the same.
  • Loading Speed – Because everything is web based, loading speed are quick no matter the device age.
  • Works Offline – Cached versions of the application are able to be used when offline.
  • Responsive – The application is able to easily and dynamically change to the device type and size.
  • Cheap & Fast – Development times are fast because only a website is being developed, then scaled for mobile devices.
Disadvantages
  • Hardware Limitations – Because the application needs to be installed, older and slower devices may not be supported.
  • Apple Support – Support for Apple devices is more limited, and performance is often much worse on iOS devices.
  • Battery Power – Higher battery consumption is used due to the application doing processing on the device, rather than the web.